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Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort

Received: 20 December 2019     Accepted: 7 January 2020     Published: 4 June 2020
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Abstract

The depletion of fossil energy and his consumption in cooking as the use of firewood are contributing to increase the problem of climate change. It is urgent to find alternative energy sources to take over the situation when the areas are being blessed with higher solar energy potential. The present work concerns design and realization of a mixed solar cooker. It consists of a parabolic reflector of 1m diameter and 0.24m focal point and a box type size of 8.064 dm3. The temperature and irradiance measurements were carried out using a pyranometer and PT 100 sensors. The data were recorded using an acquisition unit (ALMEMO 2390). The design was made by a basic theoretical model developed from the heat transfer equations and simulated using MATLAB software. The tests carried out show that without a sun tracking and without regulating, the temperature inside the cooker rises and reaches the maximum of 95.5°C for a day during which the average irradiance is 690.13 W⁄m2. Without temperature regulation and with manual sun tracking, the temperature is not constant and the maximum value obtained in the cooker is 168°C for an average irradiance of 716.86 W⁄m2. The cooking of 2 litres of sorghum wort was carried out through manual temperature regulation of 80°C for 1 hour and 16 minutes under an average irradiance of 555.52 W⁄m2.

Published in Journal of Energy and Natural Resources (Volume 9, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14
Page(s) 75-80
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mixed Solar Cooker, Sorghum Wort, Temperature Regulation, Solar Tracker

References
[1] Herez, A., Ramadan, M., and Khaled, M., 2018, “Review on Solar Cooker Systems: Economic and Environmental Study for Different Lebanese Scenarios,” Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 81, pp. 421–432.
[2] Jerneck, A., and Olsson, L., 2013, “A Smoke-Free Kitchen: Initiating Community Based Co-Production for Cleaner Cooking and Cuts in Carbon Emissions,” J. Clean. Prod., 60, pp. 208–215.
[3] Romero-Alvarez, M., and Zarza, E., 2007, Handbook of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. Concentrating Solar Thermal Power, Taylor & Francis, New York.
[4] Fotsing, C. T., Njomo, D., Cornet, C., Dubuisson, P., and Nsouandele, J. L., 2015, “Acquisition and Study of Global Solar Radiation in Maroua-Cameroon,” Int. J. Renew. Energy Res. IJRER, 5 (3), pp. 910–918.
[5] Sosa, L. B. L., Avilés, M. G., Pérez, D. G., and Gutiérrez, Y. S., 2014, “Rural Solar Cookers, an Alternative to Reduce the Timber Resource Extraction through the Use of Renewable Energy Sources: Technology Transfer and Monitoring Project,” Energy Procedia, 57, pp. 1593–1602.
[6] Chen, C. R., Sharma, A., Tyagi, S. K., and Buddhi, D., 2008, “Numerical Heat Transfer Studies of PCMs Used in a Box-Type Solar Cooker,” Renew. Energy, 33 (5), pp. 1121–1129.
[7] Farooqui, S. Z., 2015, “An Improved Power Free Tracking System for Box Type Solar Cookers,” Sol. Energy, 120, pp. 100–103.
[8] Geddam, S., Dinesh, G. K., and Sivasankar, T., 2015, “Determination of Thermal Performance of a Box Type Solar Cooker,” Sol. Energy, 113, pp. 324–331.
[9] Ghodbane, M., 2015, “Numerical Modeling of a Parabolic Trough Solar Collector at Bouzaréah, Algeria,” Int. J. Chem. Pet. Sci., 4 (2), pp. 11–25.
[10] Zeghib, I., 2005, “Etude et Réalisation d’un Concentrateur Solaire Parabolique.”
[11] Taylor, J. R., and Dewar, J., 2001, “Developments in Sorghum Food Technologies.”
[12] Dahouenon-Ahoussi, E., Degnon, R. G., Adjou, E. S., and Sohounhloue, D. C., 2012, “Stabilisation de La Bière Produite à Partir de Matières Amylacées Locales (Sorghum Bicolor et Musa Acuminata) Par Adjonction de l’huile Essentielle de Cymbopogon Citratus,” J. Appl. Biosci., 51, pp. 3596–3607.
[13] Lyumugabe, F., Gros, J., Nzungize, J., Bajyana, E., and Thonart, P., 2012, “Characteristics of African Traditional Beers Brewed with Sorghum Malt: A Review,” Biotechnol. Agron. Société Environ., 16 (4), p. 509.
[14] Chassériaux, J.-M., 1984, Conversion Thermique Du Rayonnement Solaire, Dunod.
[15] Rabl, A., 1993, “Optical and Thermal Properties of Compound Parabolic Concentrators,” SPIE Milest. Ser., 54, pp. 229–243.
[16] Rabl, A., 1976, “Optical and Thermal Properties of Compound Parabolic Concentrators,” Sol. Energy, 18 (6), pp. 497–511.
[17] Arif, M. R., and Akhtar, N., 2016, “Comparison of the Performance of Box Type Solar Cookers–When the Cooking Pot Is Kept Directly on the Absorber Plate and When Raised Using Lugs: An Experimental Study.”
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Guy Bertrand Tchaya, Jean Materne Ango, Etienne Tchoffo Houdji, Darmand Roger Djoulde, Noël Djongyang. (2020). Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort. Journal of Energy and Natural Resources, 9(2), 75-80. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14

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    ACS Style

    Guy Bertrand Tchaya; Jean Materne Ango; Etienne Tchoffo Houdji; Darmand Roger Djoulde; Noël Djongyang. Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort. J. Energy Nat. Resour. 2020, 9(2), 75-80. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14

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    AMA Style

    Guy Bertrand Tchaya, Jean Materne Ango, Etienne Tchoffo Houdji, Darmand Roger Djoulde, Noël Djongyang. Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort. J Energy Nat Resour. 2020;9(2):75-80. doi: 10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14,
      author = {Guy Bertrand Tchaya and Jean Materne Ango and Etienne Tchoffo Houdji and Darmand Roger Djoulde and Noël Djongyang},
      title = {Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort},
      journal = {Journal of Energy and Natural Resources},
      volume = {9},
      number = {2},
      pages = {75-80},
      doi = {10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jenr.20200902.14},
      abstract = {The depletion of fossil energy and his consumption in cooking as the use of firewood are contributing to increase the problem of climate change. It is urgent to find alternative energy sources to take over the situation when the areas are being blessed with higher solar energy potential. The present work concerns design and realization of a mixed solar cooker. It consists of a parabolic reflector of 1m diameter and 0.24m focal point and a box type size of 8.064 dm3. The temperature and irradiance measurements were carried out using a pyranometer and PT 100 sensors. The data were recorded using an acquisition unit (ALMEMO 2390). The design was made by a basic theoretical model developed from the heat transfer equations and simulated using MATLAB software. The tests carried out show that without a sun tracking and without regulating, the temperature inside the cooker rises and reaches the maximum of 95.5°C for a day during which the average irradiance is 690.13 W⁄m2. Without temperature regulation and with manual sun tracking, the temperature is not constant and the maximum value obtained in the cooker is 168°C for an average irradiance of 716.86 W⁄m2. The cooking of 2 litres of sorghum wort was carried out through manual temperature regulation of 80°C for 1 hour and 16 minutes under an average irradiance of 555.52 W⁄m2.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Design and Realization of a Mixed Solar Cooker: Application to the Cooking of the Sorghum Wort
    AU  - Guy Bertrand Tchaya
    AU  - Jean Materne Ango
    AU  - Etienne Tchoffo Houdji
    AU  - Darmand Roger Djoulde
    AU  - Noël Djongyang
    Y1  - 2020/06/04
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14
    T2  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
    JF  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
    JO  - Journal of Energy and Natural Resources
    SP  - 75
    EP  - 80
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-7404
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jenr.20200902.14
    AB  - The depletion of fossil energy and his consumption in cooking as the use of firewood are contributing to increase the problem of climate change. It is urgent to find alternative energy sources to take over the situation when the areas are being blessed with higher solar energy potential. The present work concerns design and realization of a mixed solar cooker. It consists of a parabolic reflector of 1m diameter and 0.24m focal point and a box type size of 8.064 dm3. The temperature and irradiance measurements were carried out using a pyranometer and PT 100 sensors. The data were recorded using an acquisition unit (ALMEMO 2390). The design was made by a basic theoretical model developed from the heat transfer equations and simulated using MATLAB software. The tests carried out show that without a sun tracking and without regulating, the temperature inside the cooker rises and reaches the maximum of 95.5°C for a day during which the average irradiance is 690.13 W⁄m2. Without temperature regulation and with manual sun tracking, the temperature is not constant and the maximum value obtained in the cooker is 168°C for an average irradiance of 716.86 W⁄m2. The cooking of 2 litres of sorghum wort was carried out through manual temperature regulation of 80°C for 1 hour and 16 minutes under an average irradiance of 555.52 W⁄m2.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Renewable Energy, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

  • Department of Renewable Energy, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

  • Department of Renewable Energy, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

  • Department of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and By-Product, National Advanced School of Engineering, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon

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